The Legal and Technical Aspects of Submarine Cables Installation in Supporting Marine Spatial Planning in Indonesia

Abstract

The spatial planning of marine areas in Indonesia faces significant challenges in integrating various activities within coastal and marine zones, particularly with the installation of subsea cables. These cables are crucial for developing telecommunications infrastructure, supporting 97% of global telecommunication traffic. However, submarine cable installation projects in Indonesia encounter obstacles such as incomplete regulations, overlapping spatial use, and potential damage from both human and natural activities. This study examines two critical aspects, legal and technical, and their implications for marine spatial planning in Indonesia. From a legal perspective, the study examines regulations governing submarine cable installation. At the same time, the technical aspect addresses considerations for submarine cable deployment, route selection, route surveys, cable laying, and maintenance in accordance with established standards. Additionally, the study evaluates the implementation of the Coastal and Small Islands Spatial Planning in North Sumatra Province, where several subsea cable routes intersect with conservation zones and fishing areas.

The research emphasizes the importance of collaboration among government agencies, stakeholders, and industry players to optimize the use of limited marine space while safeguarding marine ecosystems and national interests. The findings aim to inform policy improvements related to marine spatial planning and subsea infrastructure management in Indonesia.