Navigating Uncertainty: Geopolitical Tensions and Their Impact on Global Maritime Supply Chain

Abstract

Global maritime logistics play an essential role in interconnecting the world, given that it ensures over 80% of world trade. However, in recent years, the global supply chain is undergoing an era of significant geopolitical uncertainty and increased disruptions. Regional disputes, conflicts, rivalries, and power shifts are diverse risks occurring in supply chains, that leads to delays in delivery schedules, important impacts on market stability, and wider economic resilience. This research analyzes the interaction between the geopolitical situation and maritime transport, the influence of geopolitical tensions on maritime connectivity, and examines the ability of existing international legal frameworks to tackle these risks. The interpretation of freedom of navigation, carrier liability, and jurisdictional ambiguities is illustrated in this study using a legal and case-based study. The research evaluates the effectiveness of dispute settlement mechanisms to address the interplay of strategic and commercial interests. The need to reinforce cooperative governance, enhance legal predictability, and incorporate resilience-oriented norms into maritime law; is also emphasized in this study by combining legal analysis with insights from recent maritime incidents. Reinforcing these frameworks is essential in this era of increased geopolitical volatility, to ensure the stability, reliability and continuity of global supply chains.