Trincomalee Harbour in the Indo-Pacific: Strategic Significance and Contemporary Geopolitical Implications for India

Abstract

Trincomalee Harbour situated on the north-eastern coast of Sri Lanka, fourth largest natural harbour in the world, holds considerable geo-political significance due to its strategic position and extensive maritime capabilities. This paper investigates the contemporary geo-political dynamics surrounding Trincomalee Harbour and assesses its strategic relevance to India, focusing on regional security challenges amidst the shifting power dynamics in the Indo-Pacific. The Paper argues that India's interest in the Srilanka, particularly in Trincomalee, stems from strategic security concerns regarding potential threats to India's coastline. India views Trincomalee Harbour as vital to its maritime security framework, given its geo-strategic positioning and proximity to crucial sea lanes of communication. Further the paper argues that India's strategic interest in developing Trincomalee port is driven by a need to counterbalance China's expanding influence in the Indian Ocean region.This paper employs a multidimensional analysis that integrates historical context, regional power dynamics, and evolving geo-political landscapes in the Indo-Pacific. Additionally, multiple linear regression analysis has been carried out to quantify the impact of various variables on India's security perceptions regarding Trincomalee Harbour.