Impact of Jetty Extensions on Sediment Transport and Shoreline Stability: A Case Study of El-Manzala Lake Port Said, Egypt

Resumen

This study examines the impacts of recent jetty extensions at the main tidal inlets of El-Manzala Lake on sediment transport and shoreline stability along the coastal stretch between Damietta and Port Said, with a focus on El-Gamil Beach. Utilizing the LITPACK numerical model, various scenarios were simulated to understand the hydrodynamic and sedimentary responses to these modifications over a 20-year period. The western jetty was extended seaward by 300 meters and the eastern jetty by 200 meters during 2019-2020. The findings reveal significant alterations in sediment dynamics, with notable erosion on the downdrift side and accretion on the updrift side of the inlets. Among the scenarios evaluated, the construction of emerging breakwaters and the implementation of sand nourishment emerged as the most effective strategies for mitigating erosion and stabilizing the shoreline. Specifically, sand nourishment demonstrated a balanced approach, leveraging natural processes to counteract erosion with minimal environmental impact. The study underscores the importance of integrating both engineering and environmental considerations in coastal management practices. Continuous monitoring and adaptive management are essential to address the dynamic nature of coastal systems. Future research should focus on long-term monitoring and the potential impacts of climate change on coastal erosion and sediment transport patterns. This research contributes valuable insights into the sustainable management of coastal regions, emphasizing the critical role of tailored interventions in preserving the ecological and economic integrity of coastal landscapes.